HIPAA-Compliant Patient Data Encryption Middleware

Design a robust Laravel middleware that automatically encrypts and decrypts sensitive patient health information (PHI) at rest and in transit. Implement AES-256 encryption with rotating key management, ensuring HIPAA compliance. The middleware should integrate seamlessly with Eloquent models, handle automatic encryption/decryption transparently, and provide comprehensive logging for audit trails. Include error handling for decryption failures and performance optimization strategies.